الأحد, مارس 24, 2024

Thiazole and its derivatives have received a lot of attention from researchers due to its wide biological, pharmacological, and anticancer properties. A novel series of 2-[2-[4-Hydroxy-3-substituted benzylidene hydrazinyl]-thiazole-4[5H]-ones (4a–c) and acetoxy derivative (5) were synthesized via using thiosemicarbazones (2a–c). The structure of the thiazole derivatives (4a–c) and 5 in these compounds was confirmed by spectroscopic techniques (IR and NMR), as well as elemental investigations. The synthesized derivatives biological activity was assessed based on their capacity to suppress the growth of the cancer cell lines MCF-7 and HepG2, as well as to halt the cell cycle and trigger apoptosis. Among the synthesized thiazole derivatives, compound 4c was found the most active derivative, with inhibitory concentrations IC50 = 2.57 ± 0.16 and 7.26 ± 0.44 µM in MCF-7 and HepG2, respectively, compared to Staurosporine as the standard drug with IC50 6.77 ± 0.41 and 8.4 ± 0.51 µM, respectively. Additionally, compound 4c blocked vesicular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), according to our results (IC50 = 0.15 µM), compared to Sorafenib (IC50 = 0.059 µM) as the standard drug. Moreover, compound 4c induced cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase, increasing the percentage and accumulation of cancer cells (DNA content) in the pre-G1 phase by 37.36% in MCF-7 cancer cells compared to untreated MCF-7 cells at 2.02%. Also, compound 4c increased the percentage of early and late apoptosis from 0.51% and 0.29%, respectively, in the case of the MCF-7 untreated control sample to 22.39% and 9.51%, respectively, in the MCF-7 …